SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE AND PAST TENSE

Understanding Simple Present Tense

Simple present tense is tenses that are used when an event is taking place at this time or an event that takes place repeatedly (habits). These tenses are the most commonly used tenses in English.

Rumus Simple Present Tense

To form simple present tense sentences, usually used the basic form verb, or Verb 1. Except for third person pronouns, use Verb 1 + s / es. As shown in the table below.

Subject	Verb	The Rest of the sentence
I / You / They / We	go	to the school by bus
She / He / It	goes	to the school by bus

The verb spelling form in the third person (She, He, It), depends on the end of the verb (verb).

For verbs ending in -O, -CH, -SH, -X, or -Z, add -ES.

• go - goes

• catch - catches

• wash - washes

• box - boxes

• kiss - kisses

• fix - fixes

For verbs (Verb) ending in consonant + Y, remove Y, and add -IES.

• carry - carries

• study - studies

• worry - worries

• marry - marries

Whereas, for verbs ending in + Y vowels, just add -S.

• play - plays

• say - says

• enjoy - enjoy

Example Of A Simple Present Tense Sentences

The following are examples of simple present tense sentences that you can use.

1. Simple present tense to show recurring events that are taking place at this time.

• I take the motorcycle to the office 

• The train to Bekasi leaves every hour. 

• George sleeps seven hours every night during the week.      \

2. Simple present tense to show a fact.

• A snake has no legs. 

• Indonesia has 34 provinces, from Sabang to Merauke.  

3.Simple present tense to show a habit

• Doni gets up early at 5 o’clock every day.

• John takes a bath twice a day.

• Every year at Lebaran day, most of people travel to their hometown.

Types of Simple Present Tense Sentences

Simple Present Tense Affirmative

To form simple present tense affirmative sentences, the formula is.

S + Verb (1) / Verb dasar / to be (is, am, are) + O

example of simple present tense affirmative:

• Susi Pudjiastuti is the Ministry of Maritime Affairs and Fisheries. 

• She reads Harry Potter book everyday. 

• They watch new movies every sunday.

Simple Present Tense Negative

To form simple present tense negative sentences, it usually uses extras don't know not before the verb, EXCEPT To Be and Capital, the formula is

S + Don’t / Doesn’t + Verb (1) + O

If the verb / verb is To Be, then the formula becomes

S + (is, am, are) + not + O

Example of simple present tense negative:

• Susi Pudjiastuti is not the Ministry of Maritime Affairs and Fisheries. 

• She doesn’t read Harry Potter book everyday. 

• They don’t watch new movies every sunday.

Note, for the third form subject (she, he it), after the word or not, the verb form is NOT ADDED S / ES.

Simple Present Tense Interogative

To form interogative simple present tense sentences / sentence questions, usually using an additional do or do in front of the sentence. The formula is as follows

Do / Does + S + Verb 1 + O

The word do is used if the subject is I, you, they, or we. However, the word does is used if the subject is in the form of a third person (She, He, It).

Examples of interogative simple present tense:

• Does He read Naruto Shippuden book ? 

• Do they watch new movie everyday ? 

• Do you play basketball every morning ?

If the verb (verb) is To Be or Capital, then do not use the word do or does.

Example :

• Is Susi Pudjiastuti the Ministry of Maritime Affairs and Fisheries ?

• Are you new staff of Wall Street English ?

• Are they football fans of Barcelona FC ?

DEFINITION OF SIMPLE PAST TENSE

Simple past tense, sometimes called preterite, is used to talk about events that were completed before the present. Simple past is the basic form of past tense in English. Events can occur not long ago or long ago, and the duration of their occurrence is not important.

Contoh :

• John Cabot sailed to America in 1498.

• My father died last year.

• He lived in Fiji in 1976.

• We crossed the Channel yesterday.

FORMING A SIMPLE PAST TENSE

PATTERNS OF SIMPLE PAST TENSE FOR RULES

Positive
Subject	+ (Verb) + ed
I	skipped.
Negative
Subject	+ did not	+ infinitive without to
They	didn't	go.
Question
Did	+ subject	+ infinitive without to
Did	she	arrive?
Question negative
Did not	+ subject	+ infinitive without to
Didn't	you	play?

TO WALK

Positive	Negative	Question
I walked.	I didn't walk.	Did I walk?
You walked.	You didn't walk.	Did you walk?
He walked.	He didn't walk.	Did he walk?
We walked.	We didn't walk.	Did we walk?
They walked.	They didn't walk.	Did they walk?

SIMPLE PAST TENSE DARI TO BE, TO HAVE, TO DO

Subject	Verb
	Be	Have	Do
I	was	had	did
You	were	had	did
He/She/It	was	had	did
We	were	had	did
You	were	had	did
They	were	had	did

SIMPLE PAST, NO RULES VERB

Some verbs in a simple past are irregular. Here are some of the most frequently used irregular verbs.

TO GO

• He went to a club last night.

• Did he go to the cinema last night?

• He didn't go to bed early last night.

TO GIVE

• We gave her a doll for her birthday.

• They didn't give John their new address.

• Did Barry give you my passport?

TO COME

• My parents came to visit me last July.

• We didn't come because it was raining.

• Did he come to your party last week?